Errors in computer programs are called "bugs".
They may be benign and not affect the usefulness of the program, or
have only subtle effects. But in some cases they may cause the program
or the entire system to "hang" – become unresponsive to input such as mouse clicks or keystrokes – to completely fail, or to crash. Otherwise benign bugs may sometimes be harnessed
for malicious intent by an unscrupulous user writing an exploit, code designed to take
advantage of a bug and disrupt a computer's proper execution. Bugs are
usually not the fault of the computer. Since computers merely execute
the instructions they are given, bugs are nearly always the result of
programmer error or an oversight made in the program's design.[33]
Rear Admiral Grace
Hopper is credited for having first used the term "bugs" in
computing after a dead moth was found shorting a relay in the Harvard Mark II computer in September 1947
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